Afflict vs. Inflict

Afflict vs. Inflict Afflict vs. Inflict Afflict vs. Inflict By Guest Author Although the words afflict and inflict have similar meanings and are often used in similar ways, they are far from interchangeable in modern English usage. The OED offers the following definitions of afflict: Afflict: 1. trans. To dash down, overthrow, cast down, deject, humble, in mind, body, or estate. 2. intr. To become downcast (with trouble). 3. trans. To distress with bodily or mental suffering; to trouble grievously, torment. refl. To distress oneself, grieve. In the case of afflict the third definition is the closest to the most common use of the word. The emphasis is on the physical or psychological distress caused by whatever the affliction may be. The word afflict is most commonly used when describing an illness or condition. For example: He was severely afflicted with gout. She suffers from a terrible affliction. These sentences demonstrate an accurate use of the word as they describe a form of physical distress. Inflict is defined by the OED as follows: Inflict: 1. trans. To lay on as a stroke, blow, or wound; to impose as something that must be suffered or endured; to cause to be borne. 2. To impose something unwelcome. (Often jocular). The emphasis of the word inflict is upon the imposition, the force and the unwelcome nature with which whatever is being inflicted upon a person is being inflicted. For example: A severe punishment was inflicted on the hooligan. The teacher inflicted a thirty minute detention upon the rowdy pupil. This is an accurate use of the word as it concentrates not on the punishment and the distress it causes but the force with which the punishment was administered. It is of little surprise that these two words are so regularly confused as the OED mentions the word affliction in a further definition of the word inflict as follows: With inverted construction: To afflict, assail, trouble (a person) with something painful or disagreeable. An additional note added to this strand of the definition explains that this is now a rare use of the word inflict. Traditionally the words were more interchangeable but in modern English they are clearly very separate entities. When in doubt ask yourself whether or not you are talking about something somebody is doing to another person – inflict or whether you are talking about something with which somebody is suffering and the distress it is causing them – afflict. This will enable you to use each of the words in the most commonly understood terms. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should AvoidPrecedent vs. PrecedenceConfusion of Subjective and Objective Pronouns

Critical Analysis of the Article from both POSITIVE and NEGATIVE Essay - 2

Critical Analysis of the Article from both POSITIVE and NEGATIVE aspects - Essay Example The author therefore does not see products and services as two different acts but visualize it as a combination of complex processes that must be undertaken together in order to deliver something of value to the customers. The author has also provided a visual representation of the molecular model and how it can integrate with marketing processes to provide a comprehensive view of how marketers should view services and other aspects of marketing jointly. This approach therefore provides a visual picture of the different relationships and proportions of the elements. Further, author has attempted to consider services with evidence as it is the evidence only which can effectively provide a comprehensive understanding of how one can actually measure the effectiveness of the services. The author therefore provides modeling as well as blueprinting as two important methods that can effectively provide marketers an opportunity to design services in such a manner that it can offer relatively better opportunity to understanding marketing in larger context and design the overall offering in such a manner that achieve the objectives. It is however, critical to note that the author has fall short on different occasions. Services essentially are of perishable nature therefore effectively they cannot be dynamic as assumed by the author. The dynamic nature of the services can only be assumed when they are provided on the consistent basis and the customers have the ability and opportunity to provide effective feedback about the overall quality of the services. Further, services can be separated from the products as it depends upon the overall nature of the offering made by the firm. Since some products are delivered with minimal service promise therefore services essentially cannot be considered as important for designing an effective product. Lastly, the overall argument is not

Groupware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Groupware - Essay Example Let us now discuss whether implementing a groupware turns out to be a problem for my organization or not. The name of the organization, where I work, is United States Air force. I work in the satellite communications department where my job is to supervise wireless radio and satellite systems and equipment maintenance activities. Some of my other core responsibilities include ensuring compliance with maintenance management publications and procedures, inspecting wireless radio/satellite communications activities, employing orbiting communication satellite, line-of-sight, and tropospheric scatter techniques, Installing ground radio, satellite, and telemetry communications equipment, and locating radio frequency interference sources.   The organization has recently implemented a groupware to help all departments fulfill their responsibilities in a collaborative manner. â€Å"If designed and implemented properly, groupware systems are very useful when it comes to supporting knowledge management† (Frost, 2010). The type of groupware, which has been implemented for use by the company, is management information system. Let us discuss this groupware and its advantages and disadvantages for the company. Information is the key to success of any organization. Management information system means management of the information, which is required to administer different business activities. MIS keeps proper record of all information that is needed to run the business activities effectively. The main task of a management information system is to ensure delivery of correct information to the intended receivers of the information. In our company, MIS helps us document the collected information, store the information in appropriate locations, keep track of the information, and provide required information to the concerned departments. Completeness and relevance are also two of the key aspects of a management information system. The users are provided with complete and the

What is e-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is e-commerce - Essay Example In the last decade, with the growing popularity of the internet and more people having their own personal computers, the market for e-commerce is outstanding. A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way. Today most major retail stores have a virtual store as well, making it even easier for their customers to access their products. E-commerce was first developed in the nineteen seventies as a way for businesses to electronically send information to one another in a faster and more efficient way. With the introduction of the Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) and Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) businesses were able to send documents like purchase orders and invoices electronically from one facility to the next. In nineteen seventy nine "online shopping was invented in the United Kingdom by Michael Aldrich and during the nineteen eighties it was used extensively particularly by auto manufacturers such as Ford, Peugeot-Talbot, General Motors and Nissan" (Seybold). It is believed that the reason why e-commerce has grown so quickly since its first invention in the nineteen seventies is because it is efficient and makes transactions more simple and accessible to everyone. Since it's first introduction e-commerce continued to grow. "From the nineteen nineties onwards, electronic commerce would additionally include enterprise resource planning systems (ERP), data mining and data warehousing" (Graham). The ERP software allowed businesses to store and retrieve information in real time, making online purchases more secure for both the customer and the seller. This "modular software design should mean a business can select the modules they need, mix and match modules from different vendors, and add new modules of their own to improve business performance" (Graham). Data mining is a process that transforms data into information and can be particularly helpful in detecting fraud and keeping online purchases safe while at the same time providing useful marketing information to companies about a consumer's interests. With the invention of this new process, people felt more secure purchasing items and services online because they knew that their financial infor mation would be safe. The results of data mining can help companies market their products to a specific customer group. "Based on the collections on data mining, data warehouses were intended as large-scale collection, storage, and staging areas for corporate data. Data could be retrieved from one central point or data could be distributed to 'retail stores' or 'data marts' that were tailored for ready access by users" (Frieden). Along with the invention of the EFT and EDI these three new processes are what ultimately propelled e-commerce into what it is today. The main concern for the future of e-commerce is the continued security of customers and making sure that transactions remain private. Even though online transactions are growing in number and popularity everyday, many analogists believe that e-commerce is heading for a fall. Consumers find it easier to bargain shop online, then they do shopping in physical stores. It is easier to do because all that is required is a simple click of the mouse, but a negative side affect to the opportunity for consumers to buy online is that many companies will go out of

Has Fitness Plus Reached Its Capacity Commerce Essay

Has Fitness Plus Reached Its Capacity Commerce Essay Fitness Initial stands out as the most substantial independently owned or operated fitness center business across the world with much more than 540 branches globally achieving much more than 1.4 million normal members throughout 19 nations. Within the united kingdom solely youll discover 161 clubs of Fitness Initial with much more than 425,000 members. Within the year of 2005, organization ended up being bought by Partners of BC Partners, an EU non-public equity group of businesses. Within the country like Australia, Fitness Initial acquired much more than a wide selection of Residing Well Lady locations really owned and operated by Hilton Group. Additionally, It made the acquisition of chain of healthclubes, 11-gym Healthland and right now possess in excess of eighty fitness centers throughout Australia. Its behind the worldwide International Fitness Week campaign to encourage much more individuals to discover what fitness regime works for them. The campaign uses former Spice Girl Mel B as the face of International Fitness Week Subsequent consist of the unique routines supplied by Fitness Plus, within their own possible : Fitness Routines à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exercise region à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Free excercise weights à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Training region à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cardiovascular workout room (9 stair steppers, 6 treadmills, 6 life-cycle bikes, three airdyne bikes, 2 cross-aerobics machines, 2 rowing machines, and 1 climber) Recreation Activities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Racquetball (8 courts) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Tennis (6 courts) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Outdoor pool à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ City sports teams (softball, volleyball, and swim teams) Relaxation Activities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Yoga classes (2/week in aerobics room) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Whirlpool tubs (1/locker room) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Trained massage therapist Hours of Operation Monday via Thursday 6:30 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. Friday and Saturday 6:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Sunday 12:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. Capacity Presumptions Concentrate to the possible choice will most likely be about a couple of aspects of client issues: exercise, cardio exercise, also as nautilus areas. Restrictions ought to be positioned on utilisation on these locations simply because of maximum customer desire, as represented here. This provides a way of measuring in number of members utilizing the health club per hour with regard to capacity scheduling. A essential component of total capacity organising for this case would be to observe that the maximum demand is really about 3 hours each day. Furthermore, a issue that creates capacity organizing much more complex tends to be that a single member will use all of these region which are extremely demanded, and could make use of an region much more frequently than once. Maximum Demand The maximum demand details are supplied on the purpose of looking at trouble spots also as maximum usage of particular precise regions of this facility. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Exercise = 35 members per hour in a 1 class. We tend to believe that hardly any members is going to finish a number of exercises class. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cardio exercise = 58 members per hour in which the machines are tied to half an hour for every member simply because you will find 29 machines. Nevertheless, observe that a single member could use a number of machine, which tends to make the maximum demand capacity organizing much more complex. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Nautilus = 48 member per hour, lets assume that region is not unfilled at the begin of the maximum demand, the users of the health club move at stable rate and in pattern, 24 machine are utilized by members which is in timeframe is use of 1 minute per machine, a couple of hanging around and activity among areas. We have to make supposition that generally completely no member uses any piece of machines ; on the other hand, a member may make use of a handful of pieces and come correct out of the sequence. Assessment So it appears apparant that club areas of aerobics, cardiovascular, and nautilus could effortlessly accommodate peak demand, if the room limitations are adhered-to utilizing employee monitoring. But you will find complaints. The suspected reason for this is that members use much more than 1 region of the club. Moreover, its likely that members visiting much more than 1 region throughout their workout heavily use the aerobics, cardiovascular, and nautilus areas. Numerous members might also workout for much more than 1 hour. Measurement Technique The issue identified is capacity, and being that Fitness Plus is really a flexible flow procedure, i.e., members select their own workouts, input measures are being utilized. At the present time and with the present flow of members, Fitness Plus has big periods of operating near peak capacity in multiple areas. This is causing flow problems, such as bottlenecking within the much more well-liked workout areas. Members are utilizing much more than 1 region of the fitness center throughout every go to, but theres a lack of information to depict actual usage of these areas. For instance, we know that approximately 80 mph enter the fitness center throughout our 3 peak hours, but we dont know which areas the members go to specifically. As a result, the fitness center intends to measure use of the 3 issue areas (aerobics, cardio, nautilus) throughout the peak three-hour period. Members will utilize their membership card to enter and leave all areas of the center. The average utilization of every region will probably be computed and also the outcomes will probably be depicted in a chart, like the attached example Figure three. This will show actual usage throughout peak hours of the fitness center. Measurement ought to be over a fairly short time period since member complaints have recently increased. Some action is required within the short-term. Key Indicators Particular key indicators have been identified based on case info, which outcomes in a capacity forecast approach. Indicators consist of: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ External Leading Indicators à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coincident Indicators à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lagging Indicators The measurement technique for the key indicators offers a technique for every also as other choices for analysis. The measurement methods for every key indicator consist of: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ External Leading Indicators = Causal Forecasting à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Coincident Indicators = Time-Series Analysis à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Lagging Indicators = Time-Series Analysis The key indicator information and measurement methods are also depicted in Figure 4. 2. Which capacity technique would be suitable for Fitness Plus? Justify your answer. In a short time period, fitness initial has to ascertain the requirements and requirements of the possible clients, and endeavour to satisfy mismatch between those requirements and present offerings. To improve the existing dealings and accomplishment of todays requirements, directed study will probably be finalized. This will take account of: gathering real control information of equipment and rooms, bringing on innovation and ideas from operatives, market study, service plan study, effectual time table, and enhanced defensive upholding of equipment and also the service facility as a entire. 1. PROBLEM: The capacity of the fitness club, mostly within the Nautilus, cardiovascular, and aerobics fitness areas, is insufficient to meet demand. 2. RECOMMENDED Answer: Construct an extra facility. three. ANALYSIS OF Feasible SOLULTIONS: (A) Do nothing. Growth has increased the average number of members checking in at the existing fitness club to 25 members per hour in 2000. Nevertheless, complaints from members about overcrowding and unavailability of equipment could lead to dissatisfied members terminating their membership and possibly joining an additional club. If the growth continues, the number of complaints and dissatisfied members ought to improve. Do nothing isnt a great answer. (B) Extend company hours. The club is currently open 101 hours per week. Growing the number of open hours could spread out the number of clients throughout the day. Nevertheless, peak times will still exist and continue to produce complaints. Extending company hours isnt a great answer. (C) Expand the capacity of the facility. (See attached calculation sheet) The average number of members arriving per hour varies a great deal between the slow periods and peak times. The capacity cushion in 1995 was an 83%. Theres no mention of complaining throughout this time. The capacity cushion in 2000 is 72%. Present capacity measured as inputs for the Nautilus, cardiovascular, and aerobics fitness areas is 88 members per hour. To get an 83% capacity cushion like in 1995, with an average flow of 25 members per hour of year 2000, the capacity would need to be increased to 147 members per hour. Unique consideration ought to focus on the cardiovascular region where demand is over capacity at peak times. Simply because of the limited quantity of land at the present facility, expansion from 88 to 147 members per hour is most likely not feasible. (D) Build an extra facility. The resurgence of activity within the downtown region has brought increased population and new companies. Fitness club competition already exists within the downtown market. Nevertheless, members are still coming to Fitness Plus with the overcrowding and unavailability of machines with competing fitness clubs only 10-15 minutes away. Some members should prefer the services of Fitness Plus over the competition. Building an extra facility the exact same size as the present facility would double the capacity of Fitness Plus within the region. Building a new Fitness Plus club downtown will encourage a few of the present members who are closer to downtown to begin utilizing the new location. Building an extra facility will put Fitness Plus in a growing market, take a few of the strain off the present facility by growing capacity and decrease the number of dissatisfied clients. 4. ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS: The perfect capacity cushion for the Fitness Plus facility with a capacity of 88 might not be 83%. The 83% capacity cushion was utilized within the calculations simply because there was no mention of member complaints in 1995. The perfect capacity cushion might be somewhere between the 83% in 1995 and also the 72% in 2000. If the perfect capacity cushion is lower than 83%, the capacity would have to be increased but not as a lot as the 147 within the calculations. Extra info would be required to discover the perfect capacity cushion. Fitness Plus requirements to produce greater value for activities and services which are not being utilized to efficient capacity. Ideas will probably be generated from the employees to make certain that theres buy-in from the top level down. Employees are dealing with clients everyday on a much more personal level. They might be able to assess what the facility is missing to satisfy a greater quantity of clients. Study will probably be carried out to make particular that changing customer requirements are identified. You will find two new competitors that have opened fitness centers within 15 minutes of Fitness Plus, and every facility caters to a various clientele. 1 caters to a young adult crowd, not allowing kids under 16 to access the facilities, and also the other concentrates on weight and cardiovascular training only. Taking this into account, Fitness Plus has the capability to satisfy extra customer requirements with the present facility offerings. Fitness Plus has a waiting line issue thats resulting in bottlenecks. The service system has multiple lines along with a mixed arrangement of facilities involving clients with individual service requirements. The present priority rule is first-come, first-served. Fitness Plus will have to calculate both the arrival and service time distributions. To complete the waiting line analysis, Fitness Plus will also have to think about: 1. Line length both in terms of customer service and capacity 2. Number of clients in system related to efficiency and capacity three. Waiting time in line such as service rate and customer perceptions 4. Total time in system which might indicate issues with service, capacity or customer themselves 5. Service facility utilization keeping in mind total facility operating costs After analyzing the information collected via the monitoring, the outcomes might foster the development of a new layout for the facility. This layout might improve the space, equipment, and peak capacity of some areas, and decrease or eliminate other people. The focus of the facility might change to satisfy much more of the present customer base and to attract new clients which are searching for services which are not accessible at the competing locations. Additionally, Fitness Plus ought to think about alternatives to customer flow, like clients being assigned a designated time to use equipment throughout peak hours. This might be handled upon registration when entering the club. Members would have opportunity to take benefit of other, less-popular areas although they wait. They would then have a ten-minute window, based on their designated time, to return to the Nautilus or cardiovascular equipment for their workout. These members would also have a set time limit for their workouts on this equipment throughout peak times only. Other opportunities might be apparent within the scheduling of employees and aerobics classes. For aerobic class scheduling, a sign-up sheet or reservation system will assist to stop customer disappointments around full classes. A reservation system is also an outstanding tracking tool to figure out what classes are the most well-liked and what times are the most sought after. For employee scheduling, staggering employee shifts ought to be evaluated. Staggering shifts of staff will assist to eliminate excess staff members working at slow times. By concentrating on peak times, the customer will have much more personal interaction and attention from the staff, possibly improving their satisfaction. Creating a normal schedule for equipment maintenance will lower repair costs for Fitness Plus, but most of all, will maximize the availability of the equipment that clients are demanding. This will also have an indirect effect in growing both customer and employee morale and satisfaction (Al-Hassan, 2000). Fitness Plus will employ benchmarking of their competitors in an effort to discover from their successes and failures. Benchmarking is moving much more towards areas that reinforce the role of the employee within the success of the business like customer service, high quality, teamwork, communication and supplier relationships (Simpson, 2000). Analysis of outcomes will probably be completed to permit for adjustments of the objectives and improvement plan. In the long-term, Fitness Plus will have to think about expansion and figure out the optimum economies of scale to spread fixed costs, decrease construction costs, and identify procedure benefits. Present facilities limit the capacity cushion. As region population grows, Fitness Plus will have to expand to improve its capacity cushion. This will permit them to effectively deal with sudden increases in demand by its members. Average utilization rates ought to be maintained at a rate somewhat much less than 100 percent to steer clear of constant operation at peak capacity. The capacity cushions, both existing and required, are measured as 100 percent minus the utilization rate as a percentage: Capacity cushion = 100% Utilization rate (%) Utilization is equal to the average output rate divided by maximum capacity: Utilization = Average output rate x 100% Maximum capacity Simply because Fitness Plus capacity demand can vary considerably, itll have to think about a larger capacity cushion-possibly as a lot as 20%to maintain satisfactory customer service levels and sustain membership sales. Choice Inputs Before making its final choice on expansion, Fitness Plus will have to undertake four actions to arrive at the correct capacity choice. These actions consist of: 1. Estimate Capacity Requirements 2. Address Projected Demand versus Present Capacity three. Identify Capacity Alternative Choices 4. Evaluate Alternatives Identified Initial, estimated capacity requirements will probably be calculated for every region as follows: Number of machines needed = [Forecast # customers/year] x Customer time per machine hrs avail from machine per yr much less desired capacity cushion Setup time isnt a main factor within the customer workout procedure, and wont have to be included within the calculation. Next, Fitness Plus will have to identify gaps between projected demand and present capacity. This will probably be evident per the outcomes of member monitoring and analysis throughout short-term improvement procedure. Those areas with bottlenecks-Nautilus, cardiovascular and aerobics-will be the primary focus since overall capacity cant be expanded unless bottleneck operation is expanded. The third step would be to take a look at alternatives and identify a number of choices. In light of the present scenario, Fitness Plus has 3 long-term alternatives: 1. No expansion of existing facilities and wait to see what the market will bear within the future prior to making a choice on expansion 2. Minor expansion of existing facilities on the limited land accessible at the present website three. Major expansion to a second facility within the downtown region The final step would be to evaluate these alternatives based on both qualitative and quantitative terms, such as capacity technique, market competition, and financial analysis with price estimates and money flows. Simply because clients are already complaining and average capacity is running well above cushion, the initial alternative-no expansion-would most likely be eliminated. Fitness Plus is beyond the wait-and-see phase. Alternate two-minor expansion of the existing facility-is extremely limited because of the lack of land at the present location. Given the steady population improve and Fitness Plus only competition in full range workout services being the YMCA, alternative three-the expansionist strategy-may be the very best option. This capacity technique will maintain Fitness Plus ahead of customer demand. This will also limit the competitions abilities of expanding by growing their risk of overburdening the market with too a lot capacity. Fitness Plus will have to act rapidly to announce its long-term expansion plans to stop giving the competition the opportunity to do the exact same. Additionally, Fitness Plus runs the risk of over expansion, ought to the population improve level off or the fitness craze decrease. Plan Evaluation Fitness Plus implemented short-term improvements will probably be readily measurable by monitoring the number of customer complaints, the continued tracking of member usage of facility services, and also the new membership campaign in January. Assuming that Fitness Plus announces its main expansion plans-the new downtown facility-January membership will also be a gauge for that technique also. Fitness Plus will have to continue to observe population growth trends and region competition as it expands into this new market. Continued analysis of market capacity will probably be needed. three. How would you link the capacity choice being made by Fitness Plus to other kinds of operating decisions? Theres a random demand for the firms capacity in every period: the demand in excess of the capacity is lost, and revenue is generated for the fulfilled demand. At the beginning of every period, the firm may improve its capacity via buying equipment for immediate delivery, which is constrained by a random supply limit, or it may sign a future contract for equipment delivery within the following period. We assume that the firms capacity may partially turn out to be obsolete because of natural deterioration or technology innovation. We aim at characterizing optimal capacity expansion methods and comparing the profit functions also as the optimal control policies of various choices. Specifically, we show that the optimal capacity expansion policy for the present period is determined by a base-stock policy. Compared with the case where no future contracts are accessible, the optimal control parameters of capacity expansion are usually smaller. We further show that when the obsolescence ra te is deterministic, the optimal policy for capacity expansion via future contracts is also a base-stock kind. The outcomes are extended to the instances with stochastically dependent capacity supply limits and stochastically dependent demand processes, which establish the robustness of the optimal policy in numerous market conditions. Investment in capacity expansion remains 1 of the most critical decisions for a manufacturing organisation with global production facilities. Multiple elements have to be considered making the choice procedure extremely complex. The study discovered that theres a substantial quantity of work on development of mathematical multi-factor models for capacity expansion. Despite that, no single work captures all of the various facets of the issue. Since the early 1960s, numerous quantitative studies of capacity expansion issues have been conducted. Manne (1961) offers the initial and simplest models of capacity expansion with deterministic demand, single facility and infinite economic life. His book (Manne, 1967a) offers a description of numerous capacity expansion issues in which optimal location for every expansion is considered explicitly (Erlenkotter, 1967; Manne, 1967b). By the early 1980s, the capacity expansion literature evolved to consist of multiple problems and think about multiple facilities within the decision-making procedure. Luss (1982) points out that the typical objective was to minimise the discounted costs associated with the expansion procedure. Porter (1980), nevertheless, argued that the capacity expansion issue isnt as easy as just carrying out such analysis based on a couple of elements. Estimating the elements that influence a capacity expansion is really a subtle issue in business. Most of the recent work within the region of capacity expansion choice processes has focused on the advancement of computational methods (Syam, 2000) to solve various aspects of the issue based on various constraints and objectives. Some work has been carried out investigating soft elements (OBrien and Smith, 1993; Meijboom and Voordijk, 2003) yet no complete procedure has been put forward. Thus the challenge would be to develop a choice procedure that will capture leading thinking within the region and to expand this to consist of soft problems in capacity expansion in global manufacturing networks. Fitness Plus, Component B, explores alternatives to expanding a new downtown facility and is included within the Instructors Manual. If youre interested in this topic, ask your instructor for a preview.

financial aid drug law :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The millions of college students heading to campus next year will not include an estimated 28,000 who will be denied federal financial aid because they have admitted to a recent drug conviction. Along with those, another 12,000 more may also be denied federal assistance because they have failed to answer a question that has been placed on the new financial aid forms among the income and background inquiries. The roughly ten million students who fill out financial aid forms will face a crucial question from the government; have you ever been convicted of possessing or selling illegal drugs. As a part of the 1998 amendment to the Higher Education Act any person applying for college aid is required to answer a question about previous drug convictions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Clinton administration basically ignored the law due to the delay in processing that it created when nearly one million applicants skipped the question, but the Bush administration has decided to fully enforce the law. This will be the second school year that the federal student aid has been contingent on a clean drug record, but it is the first time that aid is being denied to applicants who leave the question blank. It has been said that the reason for the vast amount of students leaving the question blank is because of the confusing fashion in which the question was asked. Last year applicants had to respond by checking off numbers about convictions and when they took place. In an attempt to avoid this from happening again, department officials brought together groups of aid administrators last summer to help them make the question more comprehensible. The new form also indicates to the applicant that they are not allowed to leave the question blank.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The law will suspend and maybe even revoke grants, loans or work assistance from people convicted of possession or sale of controlled substances.

Horror Film Genre Essay

The two movies I viewed were Texas Chainsaw Massacre and Poltergeist, which were both directed by Tobe Hopper. Both films displayed the general rules horror films generally follow through the use of horror film genre conventions. For instance, both movies follow the good verses evil story lines and in each the end does ultimately win. However, this is not entirely true in Texas Chainsaw Massacre. The friends represented the good and the chainsaw carrying monster and his family portrayed the evil. In the end on of the friends, Sally, ultimately does escape from being killed by the monster in the movie. However, her other four friends were taken down and gruesomely killed by the evil killer in the movie. So although in a bittersweet manner, the good ultimately prevails when Sally escapes in the back of a truck as the chainsaw yielding monster is left behind. In Poltergeist, the â€Å"good† family overcomes the â€Å"evil† ghosts of the house by rescuing their daughter from the other realm she was sucked into and by the whole family escaping the possessed house all together in the very end. The equilibrium outline in each film was questionable. In most, the daily motions of life are disrupted by some â€Å"evil† and in the end regularity is reestablished. The end where normality returns is what is in question in both movies. In Texas Chainsaw Massacre, the friends are enjoying a trip together and then they encounter the chainsaw killer and his cannibal family and their normal life is flipped inside out with each one getting brutally murdered except for Sally. In the end normal life is not restored, all Sally’s friends are gone and although she herself escapes and could live a normal life, what she was put through would not leave her the same as she was before. In Poltergeist, the Freeling family seems to portray the typical suburban family in the 1970’s going about their day as any other family would. That ends however when a host of ghosts possess their house and take their daughter to an unknown world. Normality could be said to be brought back when the family escapes from the house and the house is sucked into some portal. However, we are not left with a definite answer to if everything is restored to what was before for we have no clear understanding of what really happened to the ghosts. Therefore, in both films equilibrium is disrupted and equilibrium is brought back however questionably so. Moreover, one convention apparent in Texas Chainsaw Massacre and Poltergeist was the plot including a search for resolving the situation they are having trouble getting out of. In Texas Chainsaw Massacre, Sally was the main one that got so deeply involved in the situation after her friends were all gone. She went through everything trying to escape such as running from the killer, being at the verge of escape before being tied up and captured, and being tortured by a cannibal family. She never gave up until she hopped in the back of a truck bloody and exhausted but finally at an end to the horrid situation. A similar situation can be found in Poltergeist. The victims, the family, are fighting a number of ghosts in order to rescue their daughter, Carol. As a family would be expected to they do not give up the fight to get their daughter and escape the horrible situation they are in. By hiring supernatural experts and then finally taking matters in their own hands as the mother risks her life to save her daughters’ by entering the ghosts realm, the family finds an end to the situation and finally escapes from the haunted house. In relation to â€Å"The Nightmare World† most movies are thought to revolve around, the convention is relative to Poltergeist more than to Texas Chainsaw Massacre. In Poltergeist, the world of ghosts that jumps at the family is not one considered ordinary or one that would have any sort of rationale behind it. Many would not believe such a thing to be true no matter if they had a house built on top of a graveyard or not. Ghosts and the supernatural do not exist so this showing up in a film brings a sense of irrational thought which would likely keep the audience of the horror film guessing for they do not know what to expect. However, in Texas Chainsaw Massacre, mostly due to the fact the film was based on a true story, there is a rational world where the events taking place could be explained. An audience can believe that such a monster could exist because there are crazy enough people in the world that could be ruthless murderers and cannibals. It is not something that would be a pleasant thought even if it can be explained however rationale can be given behind it which is not typical in horror films. In addition, although being in the dark about something is more frightening Texas Chainsaw Massacre still did a good job of producing a scare in a rational horror film by still keeping the element of surprise and suspense throughout the movie. The timing of the appearance of the evil in each movie was just as similar to other movies, delayed. In Texas Chainsaw Massacre, it takes up to half way through the movie for the chainsaw killer, Leatherface, to appear and attack his first victim. In Poltergeist, the ghosts somewhat appeared throughout the movie but the revelation of the actual monster behind the whole rage finally appeared in the end to most likely build up anticipation and suspense leading up to the sight of the evil in the movie. The technical convention stated kept the audience suspenseful by delaying the appearance of the â€Å"evil† in each film.